January 1943. The German View

This seems to be the forum to post his bit of alternative history. Its similar to the pair of previous items I place here a few years ago. Had been planning on adding more to it, but other projects dear to my heat and bank account intrude, so what I can complete will appear here.

The narrative is inspired by a old strategic WWII game Third Reich I participated in back in the 1980s. The Soviet player did not do some well in the Autumn 1941 turn and the following Winter & Spring turns turned into a destructive brawl. The German player took extreme risks and huge losses, ejecting the Red Army from territory west of the Volga river. The game rules imposed a armistice on the east and the German player turned his remaining Wehrmacht west to confront the British across the Mediterranean and Channel.

This is not a interactive timeline, but rather a snapshot of early January 1943. A few days after the New Years celebration hangover has faded. I do encourage constructive commentary on the historical OTL context, and sources.

Where time allowed I research as many of the names/personalities as possible. A number of minor characters are pure fiction, the majority are actual personalities who were in or could have likely been in the position assigned.


Karellia

General Lieutenant Schorner considered the last dumpling in his bowl. The broth was gone & the spoon full of pastry and meat was cooling quickly in the empty bowl. The chill in the room reminded him of the promise of the engineer officer that the building housing the HQ would be properly heated in a few weeks. Months more likely. But considering the winter would drag on after any reasonable time decent heat in March or even April would be an improvement. The building was the best this ruined little town could offer for his purposes. He could count himself lucky in that regard. It did not take many inspections of the solders quarters to understand how being crammed into the remaining miserable apartments and houses, barns, storage buildings and factories with the sorry surviving Russians and Karellians made for a unhappy winter. Not that things were not better than the previous winter of combat operations. But it certainly was not remotely close to the comforts at home.

Policy was the Russians were the lowest in the new order here, and the Karellians something above them. But both were near indistinguishable, and it was difficult to see the security and occupation administration treating either differently from the other. He had been told in a regular meeting with the regional security chief the Karillans had been disappearing into the forests. Apparently they had the ability to survive in small villages in the vast forests. Perhaps they did. They did not seem to pose a military threat and he had his hands full dealing with that. The Russians were seldom cooperative and it was evident in the mop up operations of the summer and anti partisan or bandit operations the Russians or Slavs were some kind of residual threat. Mostly they took shots at patrols or the smaller garrison posts around the region. Mines or other larger attacks were rare. But the shooting was at a enough of a level to be more than anoyance. The most recent counts from the reports suggested the bitter winter was reducing the incidence of the attacks. Perhaps he & his soldiers would be lucky and find the partisans all frozen in the thawing spring snow. Otherwise there would be more than a anoyance next summer.

The partisan activity might have been less anoying but for the weak state of the Lapland army commandgarrisoning the region.The demobilization had been thus far chaotic. Entire divisions had been packed up, but for fragments and seemingly random groups. Those formations that were not withdrawn whole were stripped of large numbers of men for reasons as numerous and varied as the men themselves. Political connections accounted for many, some were needed by industry, then there were others sent home for reasons of family hardship, medical problems, & whatever. Other unfortunates were needed elsewhere for continuing the war with England. Imagine the shock of landing in Africa after the cold wastes of the Arctic.

Beyond the Partisans there was nothing. The Kriegsmarine claimed a few Tommy ships, submarines mostly, were lurking about the Arctic seas. What they were up to seems to have been encouraging the Slavs to make trouble. A few English weapons and other paraphanllia had turned up and a landing site, for supplies had been found on the coast.

Swallowing the last bit of dumpling Schorner takes the last of the tea, sets the dishes aside for his aide, and turns to the reports on the construction of assorted garrison installations, barracks, offices, armories. The Luftwaffe seeks a couple new airfields as well as renovating a number of Soviet facilities. He wonders how realistic much of this is. The vast renovation of the old imperial era military installations was still underway in the Reich. Now there were ideas to make large chunks of the Bolshivik military structure usable for the Wehrmacht. He hesitated to think of these directives as ‘plans’ since they were simple documents of a few pages with a vague outline of establishing this or that installation. Nothing on manpower requirements, how much equipment, fuel, tools, cement, or anything else would be required. His aide knocks and enters, with a envelope of papers. “The report on local labor resources” he announces. Taking the dishes the aide retires. Schorner drops the report on top of a few others at the corner of the desk. Its the most promising thing hes seen in weeks. Ordered months ago the data in it is no doubt a couple months stale, but it will be as accurate or more so that most of the documents hes read this autum and early winter. He is confident he can extrapolate the data for a rough idea of current conditions. The report is specifically a estimate of the labor value of the Karellians and Slavs in his military district. There are assorted interests in exploiting the known resources of Karellia. A scout for the clothing industry had been nosing about a few weeks ago, for what furs might be available. Otherwise there were plans for taking some of the local timber south for use elsewhere. That would depend on if the salvaged railways was capable of the traffic. Between inferior Slav construction, and hasty repairs of battle damage & sabotage it was difficult to predict what the railway capacity would be in four or five months.

Schorner wonders where he will be in four or five months. Presumably here in this Karellian District. Swatting mosquitos perhaps. The Tommys are still fighting over the tropical lands of Africa. Why he really can't see, but he can see the photos of panzers in Tunisee, rolling along Palm Tree lined boulevards. Likely a peace will be announced any day and rounding up partisans will be the most action a General Lieutenant will see this year or next.
 
Amazing start. Would have been interesting to know more background but also Ok to focus on the post battle situation
 
A bit more on the background. Items not clear in the current written narrative.

Most events have occurred as per OTL. The Pacific War started on schedule. the African war had moved along more or less as OTL, the US mobilization has not changed significantly. The departures revolve around of course the end of major combat on the 'Russian Front', and whatever political strategic decisions the Anglo/Americans make in the Summer & Autumn of 1942. It is not clear in the narrative until the sections on the Mediterranean, but the Anglo/Americans have invaded French NW Africa in the autumn of 1942 in a operations similar to Op TORCH of OTL.. I also tossed in a failed invasion of Malta in the late summer/early autumn of 1942. It seemed logical that with the war in the east winding down the nazi leaders would have made that effort in the hope of pushing Britain closer to a armistice. So I threw the dice and included it.
 
Moscow



Reichs Comissioner Ernst Bohle grunted in anoyance. His staffer in charge of the Moscow regions air fields had just described the heating system at Moscows general airport as unrepairable. Bad news indeed as yet another VIP was expected at the end of the week Rudolph Heydrich himself was returning for another look. He’d made a brief visit shortly after Moscow was captured. Now he was back, & it was clear this was to be a much more through reexamination of the famous city. Precisely what Heydrich was after this time is not at all clear. Bohles connections in Berlin had been unable to tell him anything useful. Either they had been shut out of the inner circle on this one,
or he no longer rated their consideration. The thought of that enraged him momentarily. He’d been with the party from the earliest days and risen high in the heirarchy even before the party acquired national power. When he sought the position in charge of the Moscow region it had easily fallen into his hands.

The discussion of the heating problem among his staff already was approaching bickering level. Captain Scheer has already insisted its not his failure. Its the near constant complaint nothing can be done for reestablishing the infrastructure with all the usual reasons mentioned. Bohle considers how much longer Captain Scheer will last on his staff. One of the up and coming party members of the last decade hes not been keeping up with the situation here in Moscow. Bohles residence project is certainly not up to snuff & there are complaints from some of the other senior officials about repairs and improvements to their quarters. His residence is in fact quite sumptious. A single building its four apartment suites are perhaps the best remaining in Moscow. The Reichs Kommisioner cannot understand why a few simple repairs and repainting a few rooms has been such a problem. Most of the work has been done, why cant the remaining tasks be completed?

His chief of transportation for the Moscow region is stating the best solution is to have the motor cars for Heydrichs transportation and security detachment waiting the aircraft. To wisk him away before he ever enters the frozen airport buildings. This is of course a sensible solution, but the transportation chiefs smooth oily and arrogant manner pisses everyone in the room. His manner insinuates he is the only one capable of solving the problem and saving RC from certain embarassment. Major Ernest complains that something might go wrong with bringing the automobiles around on time. Having a heat in at least the VIP room and one or two other essential chambers is the solution that must be guaranteed. Bohle does not want to see the chief of airfields embarassed. The man had been useful in the fight over expanding the size of the Moscow region. Originally told his responsibility would be a tiny separate district of just the city He swiftly in that meeting had it expanded to include the old Bolshivik administrative province surrounding it & then some. Then over the next few weeks lobbied sucessfully at expanding his responsibility to include adjacent provinces for several hundred kilometers. Goerings Luftwaffe staff had initially claimed every airport and useless dirt strip across the region. With the help of the commercial airline chief, located in Bohles old turf in the Reich, and some other interested agencies the airfields had been divided between the military and his own control as ‘commercial’ airports. Unfortunately he was unable to gain full control of the railways. Instead he did have control of significant parts of the support structure but not the rails or rolling stock. Well, that was lucrative enough & he’d see how that might be leveraged into greater control of the railroads.

Cutting into the increasingly anoying chatter about hosting Heydrich at the airport Reichs Commisioner Bohle directs the building will have VIP room ready to receive the visitors, and the motorcade will be waiting. Having the autos there & ready to rush Heydrich and his entourage off to the hotel is of course the best outcome. But if they are not on hand when the aircraft arrives there will be no uncomfortable waiting in a room far below zero degrees. He addresses this to the entire staff, to emphasis that all others are responsible for supporting this. After he speaks the staff still clings to the VIP arrival at the airport and trivia. He intervenes again to remind them all he will be there to greet Heydrich. His transportation chief speaks instantly assuring the Reichs Commisioners car will be on time. This is rather pointless as Bohle has his own dedicated autos and garage at his residence. And its a matter for the local automotive pool administrator. But, the transportation chief never forgoes a opportunity to insinuate his essential presence and competency.

*Ernst Bohle was a midlevel party leader from the early days. He spent some time as a Gauliter & seemed as likely as anyone to become one of the administrators in the New East.
 
Last edited:
Eastern Frontier Zone

Major Beuttler climbs off the pony and takes the salute of Lt Ziemcke The bitter cold has made the fifteen Km ride to the patrol base pure misery. The ponys of his party are led off to the barn. Major Beuttler shrugged off the instinct to head for warmth as well. Better to get some of his inspection accomplished first. It sets a example of attention to duty, and he will catch any defects in the posts defense before his suprise arrival is dealt with. Lt Z is still something of a unknown quantity and Major Beuttler as commander of the reconissance battalion wants any problems in the command of this exposed post revealed sooner vs later.



A quick glance at the buildings, and the Jagers present, reveals a few minor matters & nothing serious. A look at the nearest of the outposts finds no clear method of communication with the CP. A shout may not be heard, the Jagers manning the post have no telephone or flares. Their best signal would be firing the MG. That could prematurely reveal its position. Major Beuttler informs the Lt there are flares at the battalion supply site and they should have been requested days ago.



Its been long enough the Major & his aides can retreat to the warmth of the patrol base CP. Walking back he judges the Lt has done well so far. It is correct he has two Captains available. But one is his right hand and essential to running the 380 man group scattered across a 27 km front. The other is a incompetent fool who cannot be entrusted to one of the two patrol bases. So Major Beuttler depends on the three senior Lt remaining to him to keep the battalions patrols running. The division commander has spoke of a plan to move some officers and other ranks to the reconissance battalion, but that may not come for another few weeks at the soonest.



Even a full strength Jager battalion would have difficulty coping with the 40 km front of the Division. Mostly forrest & some patches of swamp with a spider web of trails connecting a few clusters of huts and pastures or vegetable gardens. Half the huts are uninhabited. The few hundred remaining peasants are a sullen lot who stay out of sight. A number have been shot for clear evidence of resistance. Others suspected were marched off to the nearest town and its occupation police 65 km west of his CP. Some have fled east. Of the remaining lot, Major Beuttler suspects of all being Red Army members, posted here to observe his own reconissance activity. Somewhere to the east there is in theory a Red Army frontier. On the maps there is a small river shown some 30-50 Km distance. None of his patrols have explored that far, so he depends on the intel reports passed down for knowledge of whats to the east. His direct concern is with monitoring and intercepting the Red Army patrols probing into his divisions sector. Since the division occupied this sector in late October, replacing another formation, theres been a average of one contact a week. The Armistice might mean that the Axis forces and Bolshiviks are not fighting, but most of these encounters resulted in firefights. The Lts predecessor lost his life in one of these shoot outs. The reconissance battalion covers 27km of the divisions sector. Another 13+ km are the responsibility of a rifle battalion the division commander posted well beyond the main defense zone. The only track resembling a road bisects that area. The division commander felt he wanted a large strong point as far east on that cart track as practical. Were either army to advance east or west the wide trail and its river fords would be important. In that sector the rifle battalion runs its own patrols.



To cover his sector Major Beuttler has divided his group in three. His jager company strength is consolidated into a pair of companies. Each maintains a patrol base, large enough to defend itself & sends daily patrols of five to forty men. Some halt to act as observation posts or ambushes, others continue as roving patrols. The third group includes his CP, the supply section, a heavy weapons group that is arraigned to defend the supply and CP posts. A handful of men constitute a small third company. It is mostly errand boys and the cadre for the Alarm group to be formed from the clerks of the supply and CP or heavy weapons men. The HQ company also runs what patrols if can out of its areas. The Major did not allow the HQ & weapons group to cluster tightly. Its divided into two larger groups centered on the supply section, and on the CP located about two km apart. The heavy weapons, medical, and others are clustered around these two. Close enough they might support each other, far enough apart the entire HQ & service group can’t be overrun in one attack. The patrol schedules are both exhausting and inadequate. The bitter cold, deep snow, and primitive trails wearing down and slowing the men. At least this winter they have adequate clothing. The previous winter in their light ‘cold weather’ uniforms was a nasty memory.



Over dinner in the patrol base CP Major Beuttler up dates himself on the current sick list of the company. The rugged Russian ponies are doing better than the German soldiers. Despite the heavy winter clothing, adequately heated huts, adequate food, the respeitory illness cases & frostbite are running up to 10%. Also two men were killed and twenty one more evacuated for wounds from this company in December. As it is the division likely will remain here through the spring and summer. Or at least deep within this eastern front.
 
Last edited:
Urkraine. 20th Motorized Division

Artillery gunner Werner Adamczk shrugs on his cold weather clothing and heads out of the barracks to the trucks in the bitter cold. When the Red Army retreated into Siberia the previous autumn he'd assumed or hoped like everyone else that they'd be heading home to Germany and demobilization soon. Many had, boarding the trains west. Some of these he learned since had not been demobilized, but instead were preparing to fight the Tommies again, or were fighting them in Africa, Werner himself remained here with dozens of other in his cannon battery in this Red Army barracks town. It was clear what they were doing. Each day saw a few more of the Red Army artillery pieces arrive in the workshops and Werner & his comrades kept busy returning some to working order. The officers had explained the Reich, or the Army needed more heavy cannon for its corps and army shlager kannonen gruppen. They would salvage these Russian made cannon until such a time more German types became available. While thousands of broken cannon had been collected it was the heavy 15 & 20 cm pieces that were repaired and carefully set aside for some yet unknown purpose.

Rumors of course abounded. A army was being formed to march east into Siberia, to Persia, to Mesopotamia, to Egypt, or invade England, Sweden, Switzerland. There were fresh armies off to Africa, so that was not a rumor. Signal! had photos of sort looking panzers rolling along boulevards lined with exotic palm trees. Werner wondered how cold it got under those plan trees as he climbed aboard the truck for the ride to the workshops. Life in this shabby place was dull, despite efforts to improve things. At least there were no partisans. Some of the roving salvage parties had encounters with them. Die hard Reds, or bandits who were making trouble for the conquerors and new subjects. So, no one was trying to shoot Werner & his comrades, at least this winter it seemed.

Perhaps if the English finally saw reason and made a peace with the triumphant Reich. like everyone else Werner had no idea why the Tommies were so stubborn and insisted on keeping their little war in the west going. He had a strong idea this 'English War' was a major reason why he was not home again. He read how the Americans had a small poor army, and Air Force. So how could they encourage the English to fight on as if they had a chance of winning? the local Urkrainians or Russians working around the Kaisserne or in the workshops were a sullen lot. There had been enough time since the Bolsheviks were driven off the locals had come to understand the new reality. Those working here were not too badly off. But, he'd seen enough of Russia the past two winters and summer to know the desperate condition of many of the people.

The letters from home described continued rationing, tho there had been some changes. There was a growing unease over the English air raids. And a bitterness showed in the letters. Why the killing of innocent civilians in the Reichs cities continued was a confusing question. There was mention of a program to resettle skilled craftsmen in the east. One of the cousins might take that offer. The new farms being established needed tradesmen to keep the machinery of the modern farms running. Werner thought about the old Russian and newer Bolshivk towns and thought he'd rather return to the much more pleasant German cities. There was by all accounts plenty of work in the Reich anyway.
 
What are you perceiving here? Im curious if the positives are overshadowed by some negative points?
No negatives so far. I assume you are setting the scene for some future progression, but as it stands it’s a well written and plausible description of life in the East after the “victory”.
 
Thanks. Tried to stick to descriptions closely connected to the German reality of 1942 - 43, as foundation for these. ie: I drew from Adamzckis memoirs as well as several other low ranking German veterans in a attempt to get the right vibe.

The vignettes will rotate out of Russia to other regions in a effort to provide a 360 degree view, and some internal perspectives. I've not contemplated a progression beyond this January date, but hope to leave the readers with something he can launch his own imagination from. There will be a few remarks on future plans, or possibilities. Some derived from actual planning of January 1943 and other speculation.
 
Rostov

Generalfeldmarschall Walter von Reichenau considered the decision to locate the Army Group South HQ in Rostov. A decent sized city with what in this eastern land could be considered good rail and port connections, and a paved airport. And it was more or less centrally located to his region of responsibility. But, it was impossibly distant from any of the frontiers. Realizing any efficiencies from a single centralized supply base for his scattered armies was impractical. Separate Army depots were necessary, but unfortunately that tasked a already inadequate transport system. There had already been a order given and reiterated restricting automotive transport of supplies to under 250km. That to save the worn vehicles of the Wehrmacht. But, the even more worn railways were not able to deliver, so frequent urgent deliveries went by the lorries crawling along dirt and gravel paved roads. Were the transport battalions at full strength in men and equipment it might have been better of course. But, it has been clearly made know the priority is for the Reichs forces in the West. The Brits are still in the war & must be dealt with next. Thus too little appears on the allocation and schedule for his Army Group in 1943. The problem is aggravated by the ability of the regional Reichs Commissioner to draw transportation for his requirements. von Reichenau needs the rail lines to the frontier and his Army depots rebuilt, but the Reichs Commissioner has priority on shipping Coal from the Donets Basin back to the homeland & elsewhere. There are other priorities for the Reichs Commissioner in rebuilding a portion of the eastern cities industry. He’d been told early in the eastern war the Bolshivik industry was of no value & the vast region would be resettled by German farmers. Now as each month passes more of the local industry is slated to be salvaged. Thus a large force of German railway engineers and local labor are restoring the service tracks and marshalling yards within Rostov, rather than the railways east and south to the depots on the Frontier.



The condition of the famous 6th Army – Conquorers of the Volga illustrates the effects. Understrength, with near half its formations withdrawn to the west or disbanded the 6th Army is near half war strength in manpower. The supply delivery of the past six months has averaged about 70% of requirement for that strength. Were it not for the remaining supply left over from the early year campaigns, and what could be salvaged from enemy remnants the 6th Army would hardly have the combat power of a corps. His staff estimate deliveries over the winter to be just sufficient, with a small surplus if the scheduled amounts are sustained.



The one priority trunk line in the Army Groups region is the Rostov to Baku line. The petrol there is even more valuable than the Don Basins Coal. A construction group is engaged in building a entire new railway paralle to the old Bolshivik streaks of rust. The schedule for completion is ambitious, To achieve that the project manager had decided to neglect the old railway. It is approaching complete closure & would have, but a frank discussion between Generalfeldmarschall von Reichenau and the construction manager resulted in a few work gangs assigned and a few trains still running with material for his armies in the SE Caucasian Mountains. The intent is to have a high capacity railway connecting Baku to Rostovs port by the end of spring. Looking at the progress thus far, and the slowing work as winter closed in Reichenau has doubts. With the railways in such bad condition across the Eastern territories the Black sea has turned into a swarm of ships and barges crossing and intruding into the ports and rivers inland. This is promising in getting around the crumbled railways of Poland and the Urkraine, tho there is a backlog starting to form on Rostovs docks.



Fortunately the enemy is relatively quiet. The disintegrating Bolshivik armies abandoned vast quantities of equipment during the repeated defeats. It lay rusting now across the snow covered steeps. Near three million prisoners were taken & another million plus dead together in a year. Perhaps four million altogether. No one was really trying to count. Now it was a matter for historians. What was relevant is the Bolshivik armed mobs lurking in the east were ill armed remnants of what Army Group South had tied into in June 1941. That was the common view among the Wehrmacht from top to bottom. At least among those who bothered to think about it. von Reichenau was paid to think about it & he did not disagree at least for the moment. Sifting through the Army intelligence dept reports, and those from the Abwehr he felt occasionally a atmosphere on unreality. Perhaps as if the reports were written to meet previous assumptions. Not that they were based on made up information. He knew enough about the reconissance and intelligence effort that drew in the information. But rather the conclusions were not aligning with the possibilities. What he knew from his own sources within AG South is a cloud of armed Reds existed beyond the Armistice demarcation lines. While their arms were not overtly plentiful nor their number remotely like those of the previous year they were clearly a different army, and dangerous as far as they went. There was no evidence they had yet accquired any operational offensive ability, but tactical contact could be dangerous. Unlike the Reds of the spring of 1941 they reacted aggresively to any air or ground reconissance. Nominally the Armistice meant neither side was to probe the others territory. But both did, or tried. The Reds were clever, and had the sympathy of at least part of the resident population. Their ground patrols and agents were active across the Armistice Line and probably getting away with more than he knew. One Abwehr agent that attempted to infiltrate in the north coast area of the Caspian Sea had reported a hyper vigilant police that scoured constantly for agents such as himself. The man had given up on his mission very early and fled back to German territory. Few to none of the others had returned or establsihed communication. Patrols, air reconissance and the embryonic German Caspian Sea fleet. Were instantly confronted by the Bolshiviks. The efforts at interception were not always successful, but the deeper into the Reds territory they went the more numerous they became. It was evident they were trying to build a defense of depth.



He was not yet concerned with a resurgent Red Army pouring back out of the east. But at some point, perhaps this winter partisans might become active again, agents might step up sabotage, and even raids in force from out of the East.



All this was confused and perhaps resulting from the chaos among the Red leaders. Since the Armistice there had been another change in their government, with a entirely new set of names replacing the previous group that had taken over in the Autumn of 1941. Except that after a few months some of the previous names had reappeared in new positions. Further confusion came out of a second government that had emerged among the vast numbers that had retreated south across the Caucasus Mountains. Now they were coalecing in Iraqi where the English were feeding and maintaining them as a army of sorts. If the intel reports had any accuracy this group of Reds were at odds with the Eastern or Siberian group. Given their location There was undoubtedly a English hand up their ass working their mouths.



Overall He did not see anything serious for the winter. Raggedly dressed patrols were not a threat of any size, and if agents or raids developed the Army and the occupation police would deal with them. Even if the Bolshiviks reneged on the Armistice & attacked in the winter or the next summer von Reichenau is quite confident they will be defeated. What concerns him is being called on to take Army Group South across the mountains into Persia, Iraqi, and Turkey. That would be a logistics nightmare dwarfing the 1941 offensive. Yet there have been questions from OKW about operations in the Caucasus mountains. And, there had been pronouncements from the top about attacking the English on every front and in every way. That meant either marching south through the Turkish Caucasus, or through Persia, or likely both. In any case it meant transiting mountain ranges without modern highways or railroads of any useful capacity.



A couple weeks earlier a senior officer in the Abwehr had stopped in and talked about the situation in Persia. The Abwehr man described Persia as a mass of German and English spies and agents. ‘Like maggots on rotten meat.’ The Persians made a game of betraying both sides to each other, and while the Persians had managed to keep the English armies out of most of the country, and they were technically nuetral there was a English naval group and a few battalions far to the south on the coast, Abadan was the place. More important he was told England was making improvements on the railway from Abadan to Terhan. This railway built in the 1920s was low capacity & not capable of supplying a full army. But, the English were reworking at it from the southern end. Extending from Abadan north into Mesopotamia was another railway. Built to carry petroleum from the oil fields at Mosul south to the port It had at one time been connected to the Berlin to Bagdad railway. Now it seems the Turkish portion in the south of that country had been neglected & was nearly inoperable. Iraq was firmly controlled by the Brits. Their revolt suppressed and a polygot British army of Hindus and Muslims installed. Six months earlier there had been hopes the end of the Eastern war and the expulsion of Bolshivism from Europe meant the British empire would soon be forced to see reason. Now the English are still making war, and the Persians and Turks are still clinging to nuetrality. The Abwehr officers knowledge of what was lying north and east of the Caspian Sea was bit less complete, and little beyond what was already known. That the Bolshivk ground forces were lurking off across the Steppes, that they were increasingly aggressive about denying German reconissance, air or ground, to the east. But their strength was unknown relative to the previous summer.
 
Iraq was firmly controlled by the Brits. Their revolt suppressed and a polygot British army of Hindus and Muslims installed. Six months earlier there had been hopes the end of the Eastern war and the expulsion of Bolshivism from Europe meant the British empire would soon be forced to see reason. Now the English are still making war, and the Persians and Turks are still clinging to nuetrality.
So no invasion of Persia by the British, and no air campaign against Baku by the RAF?
 
...the vast numbers that had retreated south across the Caucasus Mountains. Now they were coalescing in Iraq...
Why would Soviet troops retreating from the Trans-Caucasus go to Iraq? ISTM they would be interned by Iran and then sent to Soviet Asia, across the border east of the Caspian Sea.
... the Persians had managed to keep the English armies out of most of the country, and they were technically nuetral...
Backstory needed here. Why didn't Soviet and British forces occupy Iran in 1941?
...there was a English naval group and a few battalions far to the south on the coast, Abadan was the place. More important he was told England was making improvements on the railway from Abadan to Terhan. This railway built in the 1920s was low capacity & not capable of supplying a full army. But, the English were reworking at it from the southern end. Extending from Abadan north into Mesopotamia was another railway. Built to carry petroleum from the oil fields at Mosul south to the port It had at one time been connected to the Berlin to Bagdad railway.
Abadan is the Persian port at the head of the Gulf; Basra is the Iraqi port there, which was connected by rail to Baghdad and the West. Also, oil from the Mosul-Kirkuk fields was shipped by pipeline to Haifa in Palestine, and to Tripoli in French Syria. The oil shipped out of Abadan was from the fields in SW Persia.

BTW, I presume the repeated usage of "English" is a deliberate invocation of a common German mistake of the time.
 
Last edited:
Why would Soviet troops retreating from the Trans-Caucasus go to Iraq? ISTM they would be interned by Iran and then sent to Soviet Asia, across the border east of the Caspian Sea.

A lot of them were not enthusiastic about returning to the remnant of the USSR. One can guess many did, but not all. & one can assume a fair number were interned in Turkey, until they could be disposed of.

So no invasion of Persia by the British, and no air campaign against Baku by the RAF?

Backstory needed here. Why didn't Soviet and British forces occupy Iran in 1941?

They did. The collapse of the Red Army and German advance to the Persian border caused the Persian to ask the Brits to depart, threatening a invitation to the Germans if they did not. The Brits choose to reduce exposure and retain some sort of Persian neutrality for at least a few months. For the moment the Persians are playing both sides for whatever they will offer. Hence the continued Brit activity with railway improvement in the south, and mention of a future German campaign into the Middle East.

Abadan is the Persian port at the head of the Gulf; Basra is the Iraqi port there, which was connected by rail to Baghdad and the West. Also, oil from the Mosul-Kirkuk fields was shipped by pipeline to Haifa in Palestine, and to Tripoli in French Syria. The oil shipped out of Abadan was from the fields in SW Persia.

Originally the oil from the northern oilfields was sent south by rail & if IRC river barge.

BTW, I presume the repeated usage of "English" is a deliberate invocation of a common German mistake of the time.

Its seems to be standard usage in the German literature of era I've read. I've noticed in US literature its as common as Britain or Great Britain, perhaps more so.
 
Rumania

Hauptmann Franz Hahn was enjoying the precious hour he had filched for flying over central Rumania. It was a overcast day, 70% clouded in the Meterologists estimate. His operations officer had recommended canceling the exercise since the pilots participating had so little inclement weather training. Hahn remarked that if they did not fly in this mildly objectionable weather they’d never gain any experience at all. The exercise was a simple drill in attacking bombers. A single plane playing the target flew a straight course with only the sort of limited evasive manuvers bombers in formation would take in a daylight attack. The Groups old hands needed refresher practice and the rookies had not practiced it even once. So, the Group training element was busy and larger than usual. He’d put his best and most experienced pilots in charge of the training staffel, and rotated his older pilots back into them as well, flying along side the rookies. The exercise was simple enough. In turn the fighter pilots flew a pursuing approach starting some 1000 meters above the bomber and well astern. From there they had to judge speed and distance, to come into range of the target at exactly the right speed. To fast & the bullet stream was guaranteed to miss the target, too slow and the defending gunners would have a increasingly better shot at the interceptor. To high and the upper dorsal guns would join the tail guns shooting at the interceptor, too low and the angle of attack be wider, the approach slow to a crawl, and too much energy would be needed to climb back to the attack altitude. The training Staffel commander flew in a good position to observe the attacks and kept up a critical commentary over the radio. Hahn kept his silence, content to observe and note critical items for comment later. He disliked intruding on the responsibilities of the subordinates.

Hahn as the senior LW Jabo commander in Rumania had a great deal else to be happy about. Aside from a small raid on the Rumanian oil refineries a few months earlier by the Ami the enemy had been singularly unaggressive towards the refineries. His Group had become a source for replacement pilots elsewhere. Which was fine with Hahn . If the English were not going to bomb the petrol refineries He’d serve the Reich well by sending well trained young pilots off whenever required. Fuel was plentiful here at least, and the training hours were double what he’d been told many other groups were doing. The raid by the American bombers had made a lot of copy in the Reichs press, but the reality was its was hardly more than a reconissance in force. Barely a dozen of the large four engined ‘Liberator’ models. A sort of advanced force the Abwehr had described it. So, combat experience was not something Hahn could offer the rookies sent his way. Now the Abwehr was reporting this tiny bomber group had in Egypt grown into several hundred large bombers, and the English were also building up a heavy long ranged bomber wing in Egypt as well. Thus far the enemy bombers had paid their attention to Africa and increasing numbers of long range raids on Italy . The latter were in impresivley large groups. Sometimes over 100 of the big Liberators, Fortress, or the English models. He’d heard the Italians were not happy about this. But, the English and Americans were not showing any further interest in the petroleum refineries. He & his fellow officers had heard the American Concern Standard Oil was heavily invested in Rumania. Perhaps, they speculated, the Americans were unwilling to damage their business investments.

Hahn ceased his reviere as the antics of a trainee caught his attention. Instead of getting swiftly clear of the bomber and climbing back to attack altitude at a distance, the junior officer had instead after his attack, dived slightly to put himself ahead of the target plane, climbed in front of it and then turned a 180 degrees to dive back making an attack from above the front quarter. Aside from being a show off stunt not part of the exercise, the manuver was rather stupid. The climbing turn was first done too close to the ‘bomber’. Most of the start and the finish of the turn was in range of defensive guns, particularly the upper turret. This exposed the jabo to a easy deflection shot both at the start and finish of the turn. Losing so much speed made the defense gunners task even easier. If this had been one of the big Ami bombers the 1.2cm caliber twin Brownings would have put up to a dozen rounds though the Me109. Three or four in the right location could send the fighter spinning into the ground with severe damage. What was worse was the showboating pilot had miscalculated the turn and come back into position to late to get any useful shot in himself. Even under the best circumstances the closing speed was such the passing shot was difficult and probably ineffective anyway. Hahn cut in on the radio, directing the training leader to have the idiot take over as the target bomber. He could contemplate his error flying a boring course with some slow jinxing and weaving. If he strayed again he’d get more than the vicious questioning Hahn intended once on the ground. The lad might be resentful, not understanding the penalty for such a stupid move or similar in the skys over England or Africa today. Hahn understood the recent loss rate for the newly minted fighter pilots over England was 10% for their first mission. In the new air campaign vs England the RAF was giving out the death penalty for mistakes. There had been some suprises for the Luftwaffe air crew who had become used to the Red Air Force, or who thought the Rodeo & Circus operations of 1942 were typical of the RAF defense ability.
 
They did. The collapse of the Red Army and German advance to the Persian border caused the Persian to ask the Brits to depart, threatening a invitation to the Germans if they did not.
This makes no sense at all. Persia was under British/Soviet occupation, and the Persian government did exactly what it was told to do. For instance, an American, Norman Schwarzkopf Sr, was in command of Persia's Gendarmerie.

In any case, if the Germans broke through the Caucasus, or even reached the Caspian Gates, the US/UK would insist on sending troops to hold the Azerbaijan oil fields. The USSR, or what was left of it, would hardly object. While the Allies would not have much force available in Persia, the advancing Germans would be at the very limit of their logistics.
Originally the oil from the northern oilfields was sent south by rail & if IRC river barge.
To Basra, not Abadan, which has no rail connection to any part of Iraq.
 
This makes no sense at all. Persia was under British/Soviet occupation, and the Persian government did exactly what it was told to do. For instance, an American, Norman Schwarzkopf Sr, was in command of Persia's Gendarmerie.

Well, with the Red Army collapsed half the occupation problem is solved. The two divisions and two brigades of the British were in the south west part of the country.
Persian Occupation copy.jpg


In any case, if the Germans broke through the Caucasus, or even reached the Caspian Gates, the US/UK would insist on sending troops to hold the Azerbaijan oil fields. The USSR, or what was left of it, would hardly object. While the Allies would not have much force available in Persia, the advancing Germans would be at the very limit of their logistics.

Im skeptical Churchill is going to find much to reinforce the 8th and 10th Indian divisions to the point they can keep the Germans out of the Azerbaijan region. The undersized railway from the Gulf to Terhan was not exactly a high capacity logistics conduit. Keeping those forces in SW Persia, and retaining access to the oil wells there might be a priority.

To Basra, not Abadan, which has no rail connection to any part of Iraq.

You are correct, I did not check the city names & see I'd reversed their locations.
 
Thanks. I Hope no one is disappointed it 'goes' in a clockwise circle around Axis occupied Europe. The material I have written is all in the form of a snapshot & not a story progressing forward in time. Or otherwise outlining or leading to a specific historical narrative looking forward. The future is largely left to the readers imagination, and how they interpret the OTL events and conditions that apply to this descriptions date.

Both sides had some strengths and weaknesses that are not waived away by a Soviet collapse, and other strengths and weaknesses deriving from that. It allows the reader to speculate openly on what direction the war, or a accommodation/peace, might go.
 
Top