The Union of the White and Red Roses - A Collaborative Timeline

The York Children’s Betrothals
York, November 1479: Duchess Joan Woodville, sister of the Queen and Richard of Gloucester’s wife, gave birth to her first child: a healthy son named Richard for his father. While Richard’s elder son, Edward, still lived, he was very sickly and thus Richard the younger was generally treated as the future Duke of Gloucester.

London, November 1480: Following the birth of Princess Catherine in 1479, Queen Elizabeth of England gave birth to her seventh daughter: Princess Bridget. She was named for Saint Bridget of Sweden, who had visions of the lives Jesus Christ and the Blessed Virgin Mary. At her baptism, the royal babe was carried by Margaret Beaufort, who’s son, Henry Tudor had returned from exile the years prior. The young man was rewarded for his loyalty with the title of the Earl of Richmond. As with her elder brother George, Bridget was intended for a religious life. King Edward already had enough dowries to pay.

Elizabeth was intended for France, as her betrothal to the Dauphin Charles was secure. Her sister Mary was unbetrothed, but Princess Cecily was betrothed to James, the Duke of Rothesay. Edward was of course, engaged to Mary of Lancaster. The two had a good relationship with each other. Richard was unofficially betrothed to Anne of Brittany. If Anne was to inherit the Breton duchy, an English alliance would secure Breton independence. There were several options for the younger girls, Anne and Catherine, matches were considered for them Burgundy, Austria, and Spain. Prince George, unfortunately a rather sickly child, and Princess Bridget were both intended for a religious life.
 
1480 Family Trees
England

Edward IV, King of England (1442-) m. Elizabeth Woodville (1439-)
1a. Elizabeth, Princess of England (1466-)
2a. Mary, Princess of England (1467-)
3a. Cecily, Princess of England (1469-)
4a. Edward, Prince of Wales (1470-) b. Mary of Lancaster (1471-)
5a. Margaret, Princess of England (1472-1472)
6a. Richard, Duke of York (1473-)
7a. Anne, Princess of England (1475-)
8a. George, Duke of Bedford (1477-)
9a. Catherine, Princess of England (1479-)
10a. Bridget, Princess of England (1480-)

George, Duke of Clarence (1449-1473) m. Isabel, Countess of Warwick (1451-)
1a. Anne of Clarence (1470-1470)
2a. Margaret, Duchess of Clarence (1473-)

Richard, Duke of Gloucester (1452-) m. Margaret, Princess of Scotland (1455-1476) m. Joan Woodville (1452-)
1a. Cecily of Gloucester (1474-)
2a. Elizabeth of Gloucester (1474-)
3a. Edward of Gloucester (1476-)
4b. Richard of Gloucester (1479-)

Iberia

Isabella, Queen of Castile (1451-) m. Ferdinand II, King of Aragon (1452-)
1a. Isabella, Infanta of Spain (1470-)
2a. Juan, Prince of Asturias (1474-)
3a. Ferdinand, Infante of Spain (1478 -)
4a. Juana, Infanta of Spain (1479-)

John II, King of Portugal (1455-) m. Leonor of Viseu (1459-)
1a. Alfonso, Prince of Portugal (1475-)
2a. Leonor, Infanta of Portugal (1478 -)

Gaston, Prince of Viana (1445-1470) m. Magdalena, Princess of France (1443-)
1a. Francis, King of Navarre (1466-)
2a. Catherine, Infanta of Navarre (1468 -)

Burgundy

Charles, Duke of Burgundy (1433-) m. Catherine, Princess of France (1428-1446) m. Isabelle of Bourbon (1434-1465) m. Margaret of York (1446-)
1b. Marie of Burgundy (1457-) m. Maximilian, Archduke of Austria (1459-)
2c. Emma of Burgundy (1472-)
3c. Miscarriage (1474)
4c. Charles, Count of Charolais (1475-1475)
5c. Philippe, Count of Charolais (1475-)

France

Francis, Duke of Brittany (1433-) m. Margaret of Brittany (1443-1469) m. Margaret, Infanta of Navarre (1449-)
1a. Jean, Count of Montfort (1463-1463)
2b. Anne of Brittany (1477-)
3b. Isabelle of Brittany (1478 -)

Austria

Maximilian, Archduke of Austria (1459-) m. Marie of Burgundy (1457-)
1a. Eleanor, Archduchess of Austria (1478 -)
2a. Rudolf, Archduke of Austria (1479-)
 
Italian Affairs
February 1480
Marie of Orleans is once again pregnant. While heading over to her husband’s chambers to tell him this wonderful news she catches him fondling one of her ladies. Marie always suspected this but it still hurts to have it confirmed.

Marie takes comfort in the company of her best friend, Anne of Savoy. Anne herself is heavily pregnant by her Neapolitan husband Fredrico. She is frightened by the prospect of giving birth. Marie comforts her but Anne’s fears are proven correct and she perishes giving birth to a daughter, named Charlotte after the Queen of France.

Marie is devastated at the loss of her friend and finds comfort in her husband’s arms. Despite his betrayal she still loves him.

March 1480
Yolande of Valois, regent of Savoy has not been in the best of health but the death of her beloved daughter sends her over the edge. She perishes that March. Young Philberto assumes direct rule, though do to his dissolute nature much of the actual governance of the state is left other than his advisors and Uncles. Chaos and lawlessness reign in Savoy.

October 1480
Marie gives birth to her third child and her husband’s fourth (legitimate) child. The baby is a boy, christened Frederico after the Holy Roman Emperor, another of her husband’s patrons.
 
The Death of Marie of Burgundy
Leuven, 2 September - 15 December 1481: Following a seemingly tranquil pregnancy, Marie of Burgundy gives birth to a son, christened Francis for the saint. But only a few weeks after his birth, Marie sickens and is close to death. Before she dies, she makes Maximilian promise to marry her young sister Emma – as soon as she comes of age, that is - so that Marie’s two children – Eleanor and Rudolf – will have a loving mother figure. Maximilian promises, and Marie dies in peace. Little Francis follows his mother soon after, dying in December.

Bruges, 24 January 1482: Complying with his late wife’s wishes – and with permission from Emma’s parents – Maximilian arranges a betrothal between himself and the almost-ten-year-old girl. Despite being still in mourning for Marie, Maximilian’s treatment of Emma does not change, and he often takes her riding – as a way of honoring Marie’s memory – whenever he can. Being only a girl of nine, Emma does not quite understand why Maximilian wants to marry her, and not a much older princess, but she goes along with it, and admits to enjoying his company. Little does the girl know that in a few years, she will become Holy Roman Empress.
 
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